Countries Under |
Constitutional form: Republic |
Head of state: Executive |
Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency is independent of legislature |
- Afghanistan
- Angola
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Belarus
- Benin
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Burundi
- Cameroon
- Central African Republic
- Chad
- Chile
- Colombia
- Comoros
- Costa Rica
- Cyprus
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Ghana
- Guatemala
- Guinea
- Honduras
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Kazakhstan
- Kiribati
- Liberia
- Malawi
- Maldives
- Mexico
- Mozambique
- Myanmar
- Namibia
- Nicaragua
- Nigeria
- Palau
- Panama
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Philippines
- Republic of the Congo
- Rwanda
- Seychelles
- Sierra Leone
- South Korea
- South Sudan
- Sudan
- Suriname
- Switzerland
- Tanzania
- The Gambia
- Togo
- Tunisia
- Uganda
- Ukraine
- United States
- Uruguay
- Uzbekistan
- Venezuela
- Yemen
- Zambia
Countries Under |
Constitutional form: Republic |
Head of state: Executive |
Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency independent of legislature; ministry subject to parliamentary confidence |
- Algeria
- Burkina Faso
- Côte d'Ivoire
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- France
- Georgia
- Guinea-Bissau
- Guyana
- Haiti
- Kenya
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lithuania
- Madagascar
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Mongolia
- Niger
- Palestine
- Portugal
- Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Romania
- Russia
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- Senegal
- Somalia
- Sri Lanka
- Tajikistan
- Zimbabwe
Countries Under |
Constitutional form: Republic |
Head of state: Executive |
Basis of executive legitimacy: Presidency and ministry are subject to parliamentary confidence |
- Botswana
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia, Federated States of
- Nauru
- South Africa
Countries Under |
Constitutional form: Republic |
Head of state: Executive |
Basis of executive legitimacy: Power constitutionally linked to a single political movement |
- China
- Cuba
- Eritrea
- Korea, North
- Laos
- Sahrawi Republic
- Syria
- Turkmenistan
- Vietnam
Countries Under |
Constitutional form: Republic |
Head of state: Ceremonial |
Basis of executive legitimacy: Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence |
- Albania
- Austria
- Bangladesh
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Bulgaria
- Cape Verde
- Croatia
- Czech Republic
- Dominica
- East Timor
- Estonia
- Ethiopia
- Finland
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Iceland
- India
- Iraq
- Ireland
- Israel
- Italy
- Latvia
- Lebanon
- Macedonia
- Malta
- Mauritius
- Moldova
- Montenegro
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- Poland
- Samoa
- San Marino
- Serbia
- Singapore
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Turkey
- Vanuatu