| Country | Rank | Population | Date | % of World | Source |
| Afghanistan | 46 | 24,485,500 | 2010-11 | 0.35% | Official estimate |
| Åland Islands | 222 | 28,007 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Albania | 137 | 2,831,741 | 1-Oct-11 | 0.04% | Census result |
| Algeria | 34 | 37,100,000 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.53% | Official estimate |
| American Samoa | 208 | 55,519 | 1-Apr-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Andorra | 202 | 85,015 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Angola | 57 | 19,618,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.28% | UN estimate |
| Anguilla | 226 | 15,236 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 201 | 89,138 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Argentina | 31 | 40,117,096 | 27-Oct-10 | 0.57% | Census result |
| Armenia | 134 | 3,268,500 | Dec-11 | 0.05% | Monthly official estimate |
| Aruba | 196 | 101,484 | 29-Sep-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Australia | 52 | 22,839,186 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.33% | Official population clock |
| Austria | 92 | 8,419,776 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.12% | Official estimate |
| Azerbaijan | 89 | 9,111,100 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.13% | Official estimate |
| Bahamas | 177 | 353,658 | 3-May-10 | 0.01% | Census result |
| Bahrain | 155 | 1,234,571 | 27-Apr-10 | 0.02% | Census result |
| Bangladesh | 9 | 142,319,000 | 15-Mar-11 | 2.03% | Census result |
| Barbados | 181 | 276,302 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Belarus | 87 | 9,465,400 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.14% | Monthly official estimate |
| Belgium | 75 | 10,839,905 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Belize | 180 | 312,698 | 12-May-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Benin | 90 | 9,100,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.13% | UN estimate |
| Bermuda | 205 | 64,237 | 20-May-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Bhutan | 165 | 708,265 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Bolivia | 81 | 10,426,154 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 128 | 3,839,737 | 30-Jun-11 | 0.06% | Official estimate |
| Botswana | 147 | 2,031,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.03% | UN estimate |
| Brazil | 5 | 192,376,496 | 1-Jul-11 | 2.75% | Official estimate |
| Brunei | 173 | 422,700 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Bulgaria | 99 | 7,364,570 | 1-Feb-11 | 0.11% | Census result |
| Burkina Faso | 64 | 15,730,977 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.22% | Official estimate |
| Burundi | 91 | 8,575,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.12% | UN estimate |
| Cambodia | 68 | 13,395,682 | 3-Mar-08 | 0.19% | Census result |
| Cameroon | 58 | 19,406,100 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.28% | Official estimate |
| Canada | 35 | 33,476,688 | 10-May-11 | 0.48% | Census result |
| Cape Verde | 172 | 491,575 | 16-Jun-10 | 0.01% | Census result |
| Caribbean Netherlands | 224 | 18,012 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Cayman Islands | 209 | 54,878 | 10-Oct-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Central African Republic | 120 | 4,487,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.06% | UN estimate |
| Chad | 73 | 11,274,106 | 20-May-09 | 0.16% | Census result |
| Chile | 60 | 17,248,450 | 30-Jun-11 | 0.25% | Official estimate |
| China | 1 | 1,347,350,000 | 31-Dec-11 | 19.26% | Official estimate |
| China, Republic of (Taiwan) | 50 | 23,230,506 | 31-Jan-12 | 0.33% | Monthly official estimate |
| Christmas Island | 238 | 1,402 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands | 241 | 596 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Colombia | 27 | 46,394,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.66% | Official population clock |
| Comoros | 163 | 754,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Congo-Kinshasa) | 19 | 67,758,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.97% | UN estimate |
| Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville) | 127 | 4,140,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.06% | UN estimate |
| Cook Islands | 228 | 17,791 | 1-Dec-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Costa Rica | 123 | 4,301,712 | 3-Jun-11 | 0.06% | Census result |
| Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 54 | 21,395,000 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.31% | Official estimate |
| Croatia | 124 | 4,290,612 | 31-Mar-11 | 0.06% | Census result |
| Cuba | 74 | 11,241,161 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.16% | Official estimate |
| Curaçao | 191 | 142,180 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Cyprus | 160 | 838,897 | 23-Dec-11 | 0.01% | Census result |
| Czech Republic | 80 | 10,548,527 | 30-Sep-11 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Denmark | 111 | 5,580,516 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.08% | Official estimate |
| Djibouti | 158 | 906,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Dominica | 204 | 71,685 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Dominican Republic | 88 | 9,378,818 | 1-Dec-10 | 0.13% | Census result |
| Ecuador | 67 | 14,483,499 | 28-Nov-10 | 0.21% | Census result |
| Egypt | 16 | 81,582,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 1.17% | Official population clock |
| El Salvador | 107 | 6,227,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.09% | UN estimate |
| Equatorial Guinea | 164 | 720,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Eritrea | 114 | 5,415,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.08% | UN estimate |
| Estonia | 153 | 1,316,541 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.02% | Official estimate |
| Ethiopia | 14 | 84,320,987 | 1-Jul-12 | 1.21% | Official estimate |
| Falkland Islands | 234 | 3,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Faroe Islands | 213 | 48,400 | 1-Dec-11 | 0.00% | Monthly official estimate |
| Fiji | 159 | 868,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Finland | 115 | 5,404,850 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.08% | Official population clock |
| France | 21 | 65,350,000 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.93% | Official estimate |
| French Guiana | 185 | 224,469 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| French Polynesia | 182 | 274,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Gabon | 150 | 1,534,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.02% | UN estimate |
| Gambia | 148 | 1,776,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.03% | UN estimate |
| Georgia | 121 | 4,469,200 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.06% | Official estimate |
| Germany | 15 | 81,796,000 | 31-Aug-11 | 1.17% | Monthly official estimate |
| Ghana | 47 | 24,233,431 | 26-Sep-10 | 0.35% | Census result |
| Gibraltar | 220 | 29,441 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Greece | 76 | 10,787,690 | 1-Jun-11 | 0.15% | Census result |
| Greenland | 207 | 56,890 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Grenada | 192 | 110,821 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Guadeloupe | 175 | 401,554 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Guam | 190 | 159,358 | 1-Apr-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Guatemala | 65 | 14,713,763 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.21% | Official estimate |
| Guernsey | 206 | 62,431 | 31-Mar-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Guinea | 82 | 10,217,591 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Guinea-Bissau | 151 | 1,520,830 | 1-Mar-09 | 0.02% | Census result |
| Guyana | 162 | 784,894 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Haiti | 83 | 10,085,214 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.14% | Official estimate |
| Honduras | 95 | 8,215,313 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.12% | Official estimate |
| Hong Kong | 101 | 7,103,700 | 31-Dec-11 | 0.10% | Official estimate |
| Hungary | 84 | 9,985,722 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.14% | Official estimate |
| Iceland | 178 | 319,575 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| India | 2 | 1,210,193,422 | 1-Mar-11 | 17.30% | Census result |
| Indonesia | 4 | 237,641,326 | 1-May-11 | 3.40% | Census result |
| Iran | 17 | 76,120,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 1.09% | Official population clock |
| Iraq | 36 | 33,330,000 | 2011 | 0.48% | Official estimate |
| Ireland | 119 | 4,581,269 | 10-Apr-11 | 0.07% | Census result |
| Isle of Man | 203 | 84,497 | 27-Mar-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Israel | 97 | 7,836,300 | 31-Dec-11 | 0.11% | Official estimate |
| Italy | 23 | 60,757,278 | 31-Aug-11 | 0.87% | Monthly official estimate |
| Jamaica | 141 | 2,705,800 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.04% | Official estimate |
| Japan | 10 | 127,770,000 | 1-Feb-12 | 1.83% | Monthly official estimate |
| Jersey | 199 | 97,857 | 27-Mar-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Jordan | 106 | 6,269,300 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.09% | Official population clock |
| Kazakhstan | 62 | 16,674,000 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.24% | Monthly official estimate |
| Kenya | 32 | 38,610,097 | 24-Aug-09 | 0.55% | Census result |
| Kiribati | 197 | 101,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Korea, North | 48 | 24,052,231 | 1-Oct-08 | 0.34% | Census result |
| Korea, South | 25 | 48,580,000 | 1-Nov-10 | 0.69% | Census result |
| Kuwait | 138 | 2,818,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.04% | UN estimate |
| Kyrgyzstan | 112 | 5,477,600 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.08% | Official estimate |
| Laos | 104 | 6,348,800 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.09% | Official estimate |
| Latvia | 143 | 2,207,600 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.03% | Monthly official estimate |
| Lebanon | 125 | 4,259,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.06% | UN estimate |
| Lesotho | 144 | 2,194,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.03% | UN estimate |
| Liberia | 131 | 3,476,608 | 1-Apr-08 | 0.05% | Census result |
| Libya | 103 | 6,423,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.09% | UN estimate |
| Liechtenstein | 217 | 36,157 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Lithuania | 136 | 3,195,700 | 1-Feb-12 | 0.05% | Monthly official estimate |
| Luxembourg | 171 | 511,840 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Macau | 167 | 560,100 | 1-Sep-11 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Macedonia | 145 | 2,057,284 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.03% | Official estimate |
| Madagascar | 55 | 20,696,070 | 2011 | 0.30% | Official estimate |
| Malawi | 69 | 13,077,160 | 1-Jun-08 | 0.19% | Census result |
| Malaysia | 41 | 28,334,135 | 6-Jul-10 | 0.40% | Census result |
| Maldives | 179 | 317,280 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Mali | 66 | 14,517,176 | 1-Apr-09 | 0.21% | Census result |
| Malta | 174 | 417,617 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Marshall Islands | 210 | 54,305 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Martinique | 176 | 396,404 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Mauritania | 133 | 3,340,627 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.05% | Official estimate |
| Mauritius | 154 | 1,280,924 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.02% | Official estimate |
| Mayotte | 186 | 211,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Mexico | 11 | 112,336,538 | 12-Jun-10 | 1.61% | Census result |
| Micronesia, Federated States of | 195 | 102,624 | 4-Apr-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Moldova | 130 | 3,560,400 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.05% | Official estimate |
| Monaco | 218 | 35,881 | 2010 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Mongolia | 140 | 2,736,800 | 2009 | 0.04% | Official estimate |
| Montenegro | 166 | 620,029 | 1-Apr-11 | 0.01% | Census result |
| Montserrat | 232 | 4,932 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Morocco | 38 | 32,473,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.46% | Official population clock |
| Mozambique | 51 | 23,049,621 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.33% | Official estimate |
| Myanmar (Burma) | 26 | 48,337,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.69% | UN estimate |
| Namibia | 142 | 2,324,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.03% | UN estimate |
| Nauru | 228 | 10,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Nepal | 45 | 26,620,809 | 22-Jun-11 | 0.38% | Census result |
| Netherlands | 61 | 16,725,902 | 31-Dec-11 | 0.24% | Monthly official estimate |
| New Caledonia | 183 | 245,580 | 27-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Census result |
| New Zealand | 122 | 4,438,800 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.06% | Official population clock |
| Nicaragua | 109 | 5,815,524 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.08% | Official estimate |
| Niger | 63 | 16,274,738 | 1-Jul-12 | 0.23% | Official estimate |
| Nigeria | 7 | 162,471,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 2.32% | UN estimate |
| Niue | 239 | 1,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Norfolk Island | 236 | 2,302 | 9-Aug-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Northern Mariana Islands | 211 | 53,883 | 1-Apr-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Norway | 118 | 4,995,200 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.07% | Official population clock |
| Oman | 139 | 2,773,479 | 12-Dec-10 | 0.04% | Census result |
| Pakistan | 6 | 178,773,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 2.56% | Official population clock |
| Palau | 223 | 21,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Palestine | 126 | 4,168,858 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.06% | Official estimate |
| Panama | 132 | 3,405,813 | 16-May-10 | 0.05% | Census result |
| Papua New Guinea | 102 | 7,014,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.10% | UN estimate |
| Paraguay | 105 | 6,337,127 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.09% | Official estimate |
| Peru | 40 | 29,797,694 | 30-Jun-11 | 0.43% | Official estimate |
| Philippines | 12 | 94,013,200 | 1-Jul-10 | 1.34% | Official estimate |
| Pitcairn Islands | 242 | 67 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Poland | 33 | 38,092,000 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.54% | Official estimate |
| Portugal | 79 | 10,561,614 | 21-Mar-11 | 0.15% | Census result |
| Puerto Rico | 129 | 3,725,789 | 1-Apr-10 | 0.05% | Census result |
| Qatar | 149 | 1,699,435 | 21-Apr-10 | 0.02% | Census result |
| Réunion | 161 | 816,364 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Romania | 59 | 19,042,936 | 20-Oct-11 | 0.27% | Census result |
| Russia | 8 | 143,030,106 | 1-Jan-12 | 2.04% | Official estimate |
| Rwanda | 77 | 10,718,379 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Saint Barthélemy | 230 | 8,902 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 233 | 4,255 | 10-Feb-08 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 212 | 51,970 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Saint Lucia | 189 | 166,526 | 10-May-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Saint Martin | 216 | 36,824 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 231 | 6,082 | 1-Jan-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 198 | 100,892 | 1-Jul-09 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Samoa | 187 | 184,032 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| San Marino | 219 | 32,193 | 31-Dec-11 | 0.00% | Monthly official estimate |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 188 | 169,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Saudi Arabia | 43 | 27,136,977 | 28-Apr-10 | 0.39% | Census result |
| Senegal | 71 | 12,855,153 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.18% | Official estimate |
| Serbia | 100 | 7,120,666 | 1-Oct-11 | 0.10% | Census result |
| Seychelles | 200 | 90,945 | 26-Aug-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Sierra Leone | 108 | 5,997,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.09% | UN estimate |
| Singapore | 116 | 5,183,700 | 30-Jun-11 | 0.07% | Official estimate |
| Sint Maarten | 215 | 37,429 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Slovakia | 113 | 5,445,324 | 30-Sep-11 | 0.08% | Official estimate |
| Slovenia | 146 | 2,056,530 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.03% | Official population clock |
| Solomon Islands | 169 | 542,287 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | Official estimate |
| Somalia | 85 | 9,557,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.14% | UN estimate |
| South Africa | 24 | 50,586,757 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.72% | Official estimate |
| Spain | 28 | 46,196,278 | 1-Jan-12 | 0.66% | Monthly official estimate |
| Sri Lanka | 56 | 20,653,000 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.30% | Official estimate |
| Sudan | 39 | 30,894,000 | 22-Apr-08 | 0.44% | Census result |
| Sudan, South | 94 | 8,260,490 | 22-Apr-08 | 0.12% | Census result |
| Suriname | 170 | 529,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Svalbard and Jan Mayen | 235 | 2,394 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Swaziland | 156 | 1,203,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.02% | UN estimate |
| Sweden | 86 | 9,482,855 | 31-Dec-11 | 0.14% | Monthly official estimate |
| Switzerland | 96 | 7,870,100 | 31-Dec-10 | 0.11% | Official estimate |
| Syria | 53 | 21,453,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 0.31% | Official population clock |
| Tajikistan | 98 | 7,616,000 | 1-Jan-11 | 0.11% | Official estimate |
| Tanzania | 30 | 43,188,000 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.62% | Official estimate |
| Thailand | 20 | 65,926,261 | 20-Dec-11 | 0.94% | Official estimate |
| East Timor (Timor-Leste) | 157 | 1,066,409 | 11-Jul-10 | 0.02% | Census result |
| Togo | 110 | 5,753,324 | 6-Nov-10 | 0.08% | Census result |
| Tokelau | 237 | 1,411 | 18-Oct-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Tonga | 194 | 103,036 | 30-Nov-11 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 152 | 1,317,714 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.02% | Official estimate |
| Tunisia | 78 | 10,673,800 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.15% | Official estimate |
| Turkey | 18 | 74,724,269 | 31-Dec-11 | 1.07% | Official estimate |
| Turkmenistan | 117 | 5,105,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.07% | UN estimate |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 214 | 42,375 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Tuvalu | 229 | 10,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.00% | UN estimate |
| Uganda | 37 | 32,939,800 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.47% | Official estimate |
| Ukraine | 29 | 45,644,419 | 1-Dec-11 | 0.65% | Monthly official estimate |
| United Arab Emirates | 93 | 8,264,070 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.12% | Official estimate |
| United Kingdom | 22 | 62,300,000 | 1-Jul-10 | 0.89% | Official estimate |
| United States of America | 3 | 313,064,000 | 23-Feb-12 | 4.47% | Official population clock |
| Uruguay | 135 | 3,203,792 | 30-Sep-11 | 0.05% | Census result |
| Uzbekistan | 42 | 28,000,000 | 1-Jan-10 | 0.40% | Official estimate |
| Vanuatu | 184 | 234,023 | 16-Nov-09 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Vatican City | 240 | 800 | 1-Mar-11 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Venezuela | 44 | 26,840,935 | 30-Nov-11 | 0.38% | Census result |
| Vietnam | 13 | 87,840,000 | 31-Dec-11 | 1.26% | Official estimate |
| Virgin Islands, British | 221 | 28,213 | 1-Jul-08 | 0.00% | Official estimate |
| Virgin Islands, United States | 193 | 106,405 | 1-Apr-10 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Wallis and Futuna | 227 | 13,445 | 21-Jul-08 | 0.00% | Census result |
| Western Sahara | 168 | 548,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.01% | UN estimate |
| Yemen | 49 | 23,833,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.34% | Official estimate |
| Zambia | 70 | 13,046,508 | 16-Oct-10 | 0.19% | Census result |
| Zimbabwe | 72 | 12,754,000 | 1-Jul-11 | 0.18% | UN estimate |